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Mainly the Indo-Aryan dialect splits in east as Bangla and Oriya and again Bangla gave rise to Assamiya. The north-western dialect gave rise to mainly Kashmiri, Sindi and Punjabi languages. The western apabharamsha split into 'Hindi' and it is the 19th century existed language again gave rises to different dialects namely Marathi and Gujarati.
Schedule languages namely Manipuri, Kashmiri, Sindhi, Nepali, Konkani as well as Sanskrit, altogether don't have more than 0.75 crore speakers in India. Other languages namely Kannada, Oriya, Punjabi, Tamil, Assamese, Bengali, Gujarati, Malayalam, Marathi and Urdu in all are spoken by the half citizens of the country.
This all explains that the languages are in five stages, at top there are Hindi and English, in the very next stage there are major literary languages like Bengali, Oriya, Marathi, Tamil, Kannada, Punjabi and Urdu. In the next stage there are other major group with less number of speakers namely Konkani, Sindhi and Manipuri. In the last there are Marwadi, Kachchi and Ahirani, which are not recognized as separate languages like Bhantu spoken by many tribal and
nomadic communities.
more .........
History of Languages in India
Official languages in India
States and the Official Languages
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